CIN 2-3 or Cancer Pathologic Diagnoses in Patients with High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Pap Smears

High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) smear is one of the categories of squamous cell abnormality in the 2001 Bethesda System. HSIL denotes cases who have abnormal squamous cells with an increased nuclear/ cytoplasmic ratio, marked atypical nucleus, and irregular nuclear border (Wright et al., 2011). At the present, HSIL is acknowledged as a high-grade cervical smear abnormality. Accordingly, comprehensive management among women with HSIL smears is mandatory. Generally, conventional approach of abnormal cervical smears has involved multiple steps including colposcopy, biopsy, and discussion of histological findings and treatment options. Therefore, multiple hospital visits are needed, resulting in high treatment cost. To